Punnett Square Calculator

Instructions

Enter parental genotypes like Aa × aa. Assumptions are listed with results.

Sequences are limited to 20000 characters after cleaning. Shareable URLs encode at most 400 characters.

Example

Try the built-in example button in the tool panel, or use classroom sequences such as ATGGAGTTTTAA for DNA tools and Aa × Aa for Punnett squares.

How to interpret results

Results are deterministic educational calculations based on standard molecular biology and Mendelian rules. Read warnings and assumptions printed with each result. These tools do not provide clinical, diagnostic, or research-grade sequence interpretation.

Biological background

Monohybrid Punnett squares with genotype and phenotype probabilities. Connect the outputs to the related learning topics below for packaging, expression, or inheritance context.

Limitations

• Deterministic classroom models only — not AI guesses and not clinical advice.
• Ambiguous IUPAC bases, alternative genetic codes, linkage, and epigenetic effects are out of scope unless a tool explicitly states otherwise.
• Sequence length and request size are limited to protect the server.
• Huge sequences are not placed into shareable URLs.

Related learning topics

• Punnett square — A Punnett square is a diagram that predicts offspring genotype probabilities from parental gametes.
• Mendelian genetics — Mendelian genetics describes inheritance patterns based on segregation and independent assortment of alleles.
• Genotype — A genotype is an organism’s genetic makeup at one or more loci—the alleles it carries.
• Phenotype — A phenotype is an organism’s observable traits resulting from genotype and environment.

Related tools

• Dihybrid Punnett Square
• Hardy–Weinberg Calculator